Wig with scalp-showing part



March 5, 1940. M. JACOBY WIG WITH SCALP-SHOWINCY PART Filed Jan. 26,1959 R o N E v m ATTORN EY Patented Mar. 5, 1940 ice j r 2,192,550 I WIGWITH soALP-sHovviNG PART Meyer Jacoby, 'New Yorlr, N. Y. I I ApplicationJanuary 26, 1939, Serial No. 252,861

Claims. lCl. 4c 172) This invention relates to improvements in Moreparticularly, this invention relates to parted coiffured dollwigs; thatis, to those with the hair combed and dressed, and to the foundation forsuch wigs.

It is the principal object of this invention to provide a wigof thecharacter described having a highly natural appearance of the part, andparticularly a natural appearing scalp usually visible in the part atthe roots of the hair at the part zone.

Another object of the invention is the simp1ification in the manufactureof the above type wigs, whereby the cost of assembly as well as thematerial going into the wig is considerably reduced without forfeitingstrength, durability, and any other desirable features.

In the drawing showing several preferred embodiments of the invention,

Figure l is a perspective view of a doll head embodying the invention. I

Figure 2 is a perspective View of the skull or foundation-piece of thewig shown in Figure l. H

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional View of the wig,substantially along the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figured is'a perspective view similar to Figure 2, showing another formof foundation embodying the invention.

views similar to Figure 3.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a further modified form.

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of the application of theinvention, and,

Figure 9 is a similar diagrammatic illustration of a wig made underprior art practices hereinafter discussed, I

Referring to Figures 1 toq3, a'foundation Ill of buclzrafn, preferablyformed to the shape of the scalp proportion of the head of the doll towhich it is to be attached, is preferably impregnated with a suitablesizing or stiffening agent to assist in maintaining the head shape ofthe foundation. It is desirable to employ buckramor the like be-,

cause it is cheap and sturdy and the coarse weave thereof providesdesirable intersticies, allowing the material to reform from itsoriginal flat form to the head or scalp form desired.

Suitably secured substantially along the center of the top and rear ofthe foundation is a strip l2 of suitable material and preferably,simulat ing, in color and texture, a naturalappearing scalp of the dollwith Whichit vwillbe associated.

, p I I "desired. Figures 5' and 6 are fragmentary' sectional The mannerof securing may be by stitching hi.

The strip 12 is preferably formed with a ridge ,H disposed lengthwiseand in thecenter of the strip. This ridge is preferably raised from theplane of its flanking portions 18 comprising they 5 strip. The ridgemaybe prepressed into the strip and the preformed strip may then besewed or otherwise secured as by suitable adhesive tothe The ridge maybe formed in various other ways,

for example by insertin a piping cordiunder neaththe center thereof atthe time it is stitched or sewed to the foundation.

Various other forms of producing a ridge in the strip may be employedeither before, during, or after securing'i't upon the foundation.

Referring to Figured a ridge 20 forming an 0 integral part of thefoundation 22 maybe formed at the same time thefoundation is formed intoshape. Several such ridges 2! may be in a single foundation asillustrated by the adjacent ridges 2t and 26, forming respectively theridges for a 25 left and right part, facing the doll. The centerpartridge 2% is employed in a wig of ,the type shown in Figure 1, but withthe same foundation a right or left part in the Wig could be made ifAfoundation formed with three or more ridges will be adaptable tovarious styles of coiffure on the same doll head, wherebyrepetitiousappa'rance of the otherwise identicaldolls is avoided.A;di1"f,erent.hair comb greatly contributes to the appearance of suchotherwise identical dolls. Referring to Figure 5 the central part, 26 isshown in enlarged fragmentary detail in section illustratingdiagrammatically the-application of hair thereto and showing the surface23 at the 40 crest of the ridge nearly flush with the top surface of thehair 3t to -which it is attached.

' Referring to Figure 6 the scalp'strip 32 may be formed with a bead si'whieh is provided by sewing together a gap in the center of the strip,causing a beaded projection which may be ironed down sufiiciently sothat it extends up arequired amount to appear natural with respect tothe upper surface ofthe hair flanking the ridge.

In the manufacture'of doll wigs of the character described, and forexample, a wigv with'a center part, it'is preferable to, sew the lastrows in hiding the previous rows or layers of hair underneath as well asto hide the securing means thereof. The hair is preferably sewn to thefoundation in rows of stitches and the hair at the stitch line is bentback upon itself and secured in that position by a second row ofstitches overlying the first.

This method of stitching applies to all rows except to the last rowsflanking the part, where the layers of hair are stitched downsubstantially close to the part as at M] (Fig. 7) and then merely turnedback and combed into the desired coiffure. All other previously sewnrows of hair such as at 42 and M are sewn with a double row of stitchesas at E6 and 48 for the purpose of holding the hair more firmly. It maybe desirable to apply adhesive as at 52 (Fig. 3) to prevent the returnbend of the last applied layers of hairs from bulging or puffing-upalong the ridge and so hold them securely in place.

This construction does not require the sewing of the second row ofstitches along the ridge, and by using adhesive after proper positioningof the hairs flanking the ridge, a wig so made presents an appearance ofthe hairs emanating from the scalp. Besides these desirablecharacteristics afforded by the novel construction and arrangement, itwill be seen that the operator is provided with a guide for the blindplacement of the stitches of the last layer in as much as the half partis not visible when this row of stitches is applied. The portion of thelast applied layer which is later bent back in return bend fashion isoverlying the part dur ing sewing of the last half of the hair flankingthe part and only after this sewing operation is completed does the partbecome visible.

To give a more concrete example of the difliculties in the sewing ofprior art wigs from the outside to form the hair border of a coiifuredpart, let us assume that the operator is capable of properly sewing downthe part defining side, conveniently referred to as the left side of thepart, in proper position. In placing a layer of hair constituting theright side of the part, this next or right-side layer is placed acrossthe part and over the hairs on the left side, and extending over theright side as well, leaving the part zone covered and invisible to theoperator, requiring great skill to properly locate this last row ofstitches and sew parallel to the invisible first row of stitchesdefining the other side of the part.

It has been found by practical experience that the operators invariablyplace the last row of stitches too close or too far apart from the oneon the other side to suchan extent that upon return bending of the lastlayer of the wig, the hair of the last sewn side either overlays theother side, closing up the part completely (Fig. 8), or a yawning gapremains.

When the first of these conditions prevails, and in order to expose thescalp of the part, it has been found that the hairs of the last sewnside must be pulled to such an extent on the return bend as to eitherexpose its stitches or reveal stitch marks appearing as groups of wispsof hairs emanating from the scalp.

This appearance is due to the fact that each individual stitch of thesewing-thread holds down a wisp or a bunch of hair, creating bunches orwisps with a slight gap in. between wisps or bunches of wisps. In somecases the stitches become visible first on the left side and, at anotherportion of the part of the coifiure theyare visible on the right side,which of course is highly objectionable.

It will be readily understood from the disclosure that the ridge servesas a feeler guide for the stitching of the last ridge-flanking layeronto the foundation as the ridge is fed under the presser foot of thesewing machine, thus enabling an unskilled operator to stitch down theflanking sides of a ridged part with the stitches slightly spread andpreciselyparallel, with speed and accuracy heretofore unattainable.

In doll wigs employing a strip without the ridge, and assuming that theoperators are experts in sewing the part-defining stitches without theobjections aforementioned, wigs so made have other objections.

' The following objections are inherent when a ridge is not employed.

With natural hair, either the scalp does not show on account of thelarge radius of the return bend of such hair when. the arcs of hairsoverlying the part intermesh and hide the scalp at the part, or thescalp istoo far down in a deep hair-groove, giving the doll anappearance of her scalp being out rather than having an appearance of aneat part in her hair. This last objection is due to the fact that anatural part in the hair is visible and is substantially near thesurface of the upper surface of the hairs flanking the part.

Referring to Figure '7, there is illustrated a foundation with a ridge60 having serrated lateral sides adapted to receive hairs immediatelyflanking each side of the part or of the ridge, in a somewhat irregularmanner.

A part made under this construction appears most natural in view of thefact that hairs appear to emanate from the scalp at different points inthe surface of the scalp adjacent the part.

The serration of the ridge may blend into the scalp as well as with thecrest of the ridge and may be deepest in the zone between these points.

In any of the forms previously described, it is most desirable that theheight of the ridge be such that it extends up to the outer surface ofthe outermost layer of hair and not beyond, and should preferably beslightly lower so that a slight depression appears at the part. This isin contra-distinction to some of the prior art constructions where thehair immediately adj acent the ridge is below the surface of the ridgeand the ridge appears to stick out like a Welt in the skin of the partin the scalp.

While I have shown and described several preferred embodiments of myinvention, it is to be understood that various modifications may be madewithout departing from the principles of the invention as outlined inthe appended claims.

What I desire to claim is:

1. A hair wig having a parted coifiure, a prefabricated foundation forsaid hair, said hair being folded double and sewed to said foundation, apreformed ridge on said foundation providing flanking hair-contactingsides, the top of said ridge adapted to appear as the visible portion ofthe scalp in the said part and at a level lower than the surface levelof the adjacent surface hairs, and a row of stitches passing through thehair and through thefoun'dation adjacent the sides of the ridge, wherebythe folded portion of the hair is held in contact with the sides of theridge.

2. A hair wig having a parted coiifure, a prefabricated foundation forsaid hair, said hair being folded double and sewed to said foundation, atinted strip secured to said foundation, a preformed ridge in saidstrip, said ridge providing hair-contactable sides flanking the top ofthe ridge, said strip being of the same tint as that desired for thecolor of the scalp, said ridge adapted to appear as the visible portionof the scalp in the said part, and a single row of stitches, flankingeach side of said ridge, and passing through the hair, the strip, andthe foundation along the flanking sides of the ridge, whereby the foldedportion of the hair is held in contact with th sides of the ridge, thetop of said ridge being disposed below the surface level of the hairimmediately adjacent the ridge.

3. A scalp foundation strip for wigs, said strip having a preformedridge therein adapted as a scalp-showing part.

4. A parted coiffure Wig having a prefabricated foundation, hair sewedto said foundation, a preformed scalp ridge on said foundation, saidridge adapted to be visible in the part ofsaid' coiffure at a surfacelevel lower than'the surface level of the hair.

5. A foundation for a parted coifiure wig having a preformed ridgeadapted to form the visipo-rtion of the scalp in said part, said ridgebeing raised from its flanking surfaces of the foundation and havingserrated portions comprising flanking sides of said ridge.

MEYER JAco Y.

